A Scoping Review on Guillain -Barré Syndrome and its Management- An Ayurvedic Perspective

Abstract

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a serious neurological condition that involves the immune system attacking the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and sensory disturbances. It is often preceded by an infection which triggers the immune response that mistakenly targets nerve tissues, leading to damage through either demyelination or axonal degeneration. The treatment for GBS involves intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange. These treatments are often effective when administered early in the course of the disease, especially in individuals with rapidly progressing symptoms. As immunoglobin treatments are expensive, cost effectiveness of the ayurvedic treatment seems promising. As per Ayurveda, GBS is conceptualized as a condition related to Sarvangavata (a form of Vata dosha disturbance affecting the entire body). Guillain-Barré Syndrome can be managed through Ayurvedic interventions based on the principles of Vatavyadhi Chikitsa, which include therapies such as Abhyanga (oleation therapy), Swedana (fomentation), Parisheka (douching with medicated decoction), Pindasweda (fomentation with poultices), Kashaya vasthi (decoction enema), Matravasti (transrectal administration of medicated oil), and Shiropichu (transcranial application of medicated ghee) etc according to condition of the patient and disease. The Panchakarma therapies, along with oral administration of Ayurvedic medicines, offer symptom relief, minimal side effects, and significant improvement in the patient’s quality of life. This article is a comprehensive review of various interventions used in managing Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) compiled from reputed articles, encompassing internal medications, external therapies, and Panchakarma treatments in Ayurveda.