Endosulfan-Induced Toxicity: An Ayurvedic Perspective

Abstract

Endosulfan, a persistent organochlorine pesticide, is globally recognized for its severe toxicological impact on both human health and the environment. Despite its ban under the Stockholm Convention in 2011, its residual presence continues to cause widespread harm to humans and ecosystems. Exposure to endosulfan occurs via multiple routes, including air, water, food, skin contact, and even maternal transmission, leading to a wide array of health consequences, such as neurotoxicity, hormone disruption, reproductive problems, hepatic and renal impairment, and developmental delays. This article examines endosulfan-induced toxicity through the lens of Ayurvedic toxicology, focusing on the concepts of Garavisha, Dhooshivisha, and Janapadodhwamsa. Garavisha refers to artificial toxins formed by the interaction of otherwise non-toxic substances, bearing a resemblance to the chemical nature and acute effects of endosulfan. Dhooshivisha, a latent or residual toxin that remains in the body over time, closely parallels the chronic bioaccumulative effects and persistent systemic toxicity of endosulfan. Furthermore, the significant ecological damage caused by aerial spraying and contamination of soil and water illustrates the Ayurvedic principle of Janapadodhwamsa, which refers to widespread health crises caused by disruptions in air (vata), water (jala), locality (desa), and time (kala). The convergence of these toxicological paradigms underscores the relevance of Ayurvedic insights in understanding and managing pesticide-induced disorders.